Occupational Health and Safety – Hazards and Protection

common law deals with employees rights

INTRODUCTION OHS: Occupational Health & Safety Occupational Health and Safety and Occupational safety and health are interchangeable terms. OHS is also termed occupational safety or occupational health. It is defined as an interdisciplinary field of science that has sphered with the Health, Safety, and Well-being of humans at work. For more detail, read: Types Of […]

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Oil Spills – Causes, Effects, and Solution

marine oil spills kill biodiversity

INTRODUCTION Oil Spills: The accidental leakage/release of oil into the surrounding environment is known as oil spills. It is a form of environmental pollution. The release of petroleum hydrocarbons into the environment has environmental consequences. Oil spills occur in marine ecosystems such as oceans, coastlines, estuaries, etc. However, the incidents of oil spills happen on […]

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Tundra and Alpine Ecosystem of Pakistan – Climatic Biome

unique wildlife exits in tundra and alpine biome

INTRODUCTION Tundra and Alpine: This biome includes extremely cold regions (usually covered in snow) that are present around the world without long woody trees due to high elevation. Tundra and Alpine Ecosystem: This ecosystem is usually found in the northern hemisphere. The biome receives scant rainfall. As the altitude increases the forest cover decreases. Characteristics […]

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Tropical Thorn Forest Ecosystem of Pakistan – Climatic Biome

xerophytic species dominate the forest land

INTRODUCTION Tropical Thorn Forest: This forest primarily consists of plant species that are open, low and xerophytic. The vegetation of tropical thorn forests doesn’t include grasses. Tropical Thorn Forest Ecosystem: This forest ecosystem is predominated by thorny leguminous plant species. The arid regions receive less rainfall and this ecosystem can survive in water-scarce regions. Characteristics […]

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Coniferous (Taiga or Boreal) Forest of Pakistan – Climatic Biome

higher altitudes support boreal forest

INTRODUCTION Coniferous (Taiga or Boreal) Forest: It is defined as evergreen scale-leaved, cone-bearing, needle-leaved trees. It is present in locations where winters are longer. It receives precipitation in the form of snow. Coniferous (Taiga or Boreal) Forest Biome: Boreal biome usually consists of coniferous forests that include spruce, pine, and larches. Characteristics of Coniferous (Taiga […]

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Freshwater Ecosystem of Pakistan – Climatic Biome

freshwater biome is important for human survival.

INTRODUCTION Freshwater Biome: It is defined as freshwater regions having water bodies with minimum salt concentration. It is different from the marine biome as freshwater is free of salt. The presence of salt concentration pollutes the freshwater biome. Read: Pakistani Local Fishes and their Health Benefits Characteristics of Freshwater Biome: It is characterized by two […]

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Temperate Deciduous / Mixed forests of Pakistan – Climatic Biome

watershed to Tarbela and Mangla lakes

INTRODUCTION Temperate Deciduous / Mixed Forest: It is a biome that consists of deciduous tree species. These are broad-leaf forests with trees that drop their leaves in the autumn. Mixed Forest: It is a vegetation transition between dominant tree species of broad-leaved deciduous forest and coniferous forest. Temperate Deciduous and Mixed Forest Biome: It is […]

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