INTRODUCTION Ozone Layer: The ozone layer is also known as the ozone shield. It is the layer that is present in the stratosphere of Earth. The stratosphere region is concentrated with ozone that absorbs harmful radiations coming from the sun. Check out: Environmental Impacts of Ozone Depletion due to CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) Ozone hole: The ozone […]
Global Warming – Causes, Effects, and Solutions
INTRODUCTION Global Warming: It is defined as the abrupt rise in the overall temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere. This situation is generally characterized as greenhouse effects. Greenhouse Gases: The radiations are absorbed by greenhouse gases that in return emitted in the thermal infrared range. The greenhouse gases are methane, carbon dioxide, water vapors, nitrous oxide, […]
Desertification – Causes, Effects, and Solutions
INTRODUCTION Desertification: It is defined as the conversion of productive/fertile land into unproductive or desert by series of processes. It is further classified as a land subjected to degradation by natural or anthropogenic processes. The productive land becomes more susceptible to aridity. Water becomes scarce in arid regions and hinders crop production. Also read our […]
Deforestation – Causes, Effects, and Solutions
INTRODUCTION Deforestation: It is defined as permanently cutting trees and clearing forest areas for land use purposes. The cleared area is then used for housing schemes, industries, farms, etc. CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION The causes of deforestation are listed below. Also, check out deforestation in Pakistan. Logging for firewood: Trees are cut for firewood. Many people […]
Solid waste – Types, Sources, and Effects
INTRODUCTION Solid Waste: Solid waste is often named garbage or trash. It is described as discarded material or garbage that is produced as a result of human or animal activities. TYPES OF SOLID WASTE There are two main categories of waste that are biodegradable waste and non-biodegradable waste. a) Biodegradable: Biodegradable waste is a type […]
Land/Soil pollution – Causes, Effects, and Control
INTRODUCTION Land/ Soil Pollution: Land pollution is also known as soil contamination or soil pollution. It is defined as the degradation of land/soil due to the presence of chemicals, liquid materials, waste, or xenobiotics. Land pollution is often responsible for groundwater pollution. If soil is highly permeable, it will be more susceptible to land contamination. […]
March 2021 – An Unprecedented Dry Windy Month in Pakistan
People across Pakistan have noticed a unique dry and windy weather in the past two weeks which has never been experienced in Pakistan before. People are complaining about extremely dry weather, fast gusty winds, dry itchy skin, nose bleeds, high static electricity and increased in issues related to seasonal allergies, and this is an ongoing […]
Sources and Effects of Common Air Pollutants
Introduction Air Pollutants: Air pollutants are simply defined as airborne substances including particles, gases, liquids, or solids. High concentrations of airborne substances pose serious threats to living beings, vegetation, infrastructure, and the ecosystem of the Earth. [Also Read: Air Pollution– Sources, Effects, and Control] Indoor Air Pollution: It is defined as the physical, chemical, and […]
Mangroves of Pakistan – Types, Importance, and Environmental degradation
Introduction Mangroves: Mangroves are a type of forest that includes shrubs and trees. These types of forests grow along with coastal areas. There are approximately 80 species of mangroves found all around the world. The preferred environment for mangroves includes saline/ brackish water usually near the edge of the river, swamp water, and low oxygen […]
Estuaries of Pakistan – Location, Importance, and Environmental degradation
Introduction Estuary: In simple terms, it is a brackish water body between marine and river environments. The transition zone between the marine environment and the river environment is called an ecotone. The streams and rivers flow into the partially enclosed water body of the estuary which is connected to the sea from one side. The […]